Abstract:

Summary: To clarify any associations of short- and medium-chain fatty acid intake with cognitive decline, we studied 298 men and 272 women aged 60 years and older at the baseline who participated at least once in the follow-up study of the National Institute for Longevity Sciences - Longitudinal Study of Aging. Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Nutritional intake was assessed using a 3-day dietary record. Cumulative data for participants with an MMSE score of >27 in the second wave (baseline) were analyzed using a generalized estimation equation. Multivariate-adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for an MMSE score of <= 27 (cognitive score decline) in each study wave according to a 1 standard deviation (SD) increase of short-, medium-, and long-chain fatty acid intake at the baseline were estimated after adjusting for sex, age, follow-up time and other covariates. The multivariate-adjusted OR for a decline in MMSE score (<=27) was 0.86 (95%CI: 0.75-0.98) with a 1-SD increase intake of short-chain fatty acids (181 mg/day), 0.84 (0.74-0.95) for medium-chain fatty acids (232 mg/day), and 0.89 (0.76-1.04) for long-chain fatty acids. Short- and medium-chain fatty acid intake may prevent cognitive score decline in community-dwelling elderly.

日本語要旨:

アミノ酸の一種であるプロリンについて、動物性プロリンと植物性プロリンに分けてその摂取量が10 年間の知能の加齢変化に及ぼす影響を検討したところ、WAIS-R-SF の知識得点に与える影響が動物性と植物性とでは異なっており、男女ともに中年者では動物性プロリンを多く摂取することにより知識の獲得、維持に有効であり、女性では高齢でも動物性食品よりプロリンを多く摂取することにより知識が維持される可能性が示された。